How to format your references using the AAPS PharmSciTech citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for AAPS PharmSciTech. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Van Dover CL. Tighten regulations on deep-sea mining. Nature. 2011;470:31–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Wang L, Anderson DJ. Identification of an aggression-promoting pheromone and its receptor neurons in Drosophila. Nature. 2010;463:227–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Moldoveanu T, Gehring K, Green DR. Concerted multi-pronged attack by calpastatin to occlude the catalytic cleft of heterodimeric calpains. Nature. 2008;456:404–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kumar P, Wu H, McBride JL, Jung K-E, Kim MH, Davidson BL, et al. Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system. Nature. 2007;448:39–43.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Murthy DNP, Kurvinen M, Töyrylä I. Warranty Fraud Management: Reducing Fraud and Other Excess Costs in Warranty and Service Operations. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Schweizer TA, Macdonald RL, editors. The Behavioral Consequences of Stroke. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Rehm G, Uszkoreit H. O META-NET-e. In: Rehm G, Uszkoreit H, editors. The Slovak Language in the Digital Age. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 37–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for AAPS PharmSciTech.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Lost Medieval City Discovered On England-Wales Border [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/lost-medieval-city-discovered-on-englandwales-border/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Improvements in Certain District of Columbia Public Schools’ Administrative Operations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Jul. Report No.: GGD-83-77.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Estrada MI. A community risk assessment of the 90806 zip code [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly M. An Update for the Innards of the Net. New York Times. 2000 Mar 30;G10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	AAPS PharmSciTech
Abbreviation	AAPS PharmSciTech
ISSN (online)	1530-9932
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology General Medicine Drug Discovery Pharmaceutical Science