How to format your references using the 3 Biotech citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for 3 Biotech. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Boyle EA (2006) Oceanography. A direct proxy for oceanic phosphorus? Science 312:1758–1759

A journal article with 2 authors

Regev A, Shapiro E (2002) Cells as computation. Nature 419:343

A journal article with 3 authors

McNamara JM, Fawcett TW, Houston AI (2013) An adaptive response to uncertainty generates positive and negative contrast effects. Science 340:1084–1086

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Koppens FHL, Buizert C, Tielrooij KJ, et al (2006) Driven coherent oscillations of a single electron spin in a quantum dot. Nature 442:766–771

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davies J (2010) Implementing SSL/TLS Using Cryptography and PKI. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA

An edited book

Dietel M (ed) (2007) Targeted Therapies in Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Agneessens F, Koskinen J (2016) Modeling Individual Outcomes Using a Multilevel Social Influence (MSI) Model: Individual Versus Team Effects of Trust on Job Satisfaction in an Organisational Context. In: Lazega E, Snijders TAB (eds) Multilevel Network Analysis for the Social Sciences: Theory, Methods and Applications. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 81–105

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for 3 Biotech.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Your Brain Might Multitask By Heightening One Sense While Dampening Another. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/your-brain-might-be-multitasking-heightening-one-sense-expense-another/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1972) Identification of NASA Research and Development Programs Subject to Benefit-Cost Analysis. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maldonado JA (2010) Searching for Confirmation. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Two Teams That Need An Introduction. New York Times B17

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Boyle 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Regev and Shapiro 2002; Boyle 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Regev and Shapiro 2002)
Three or more authors: (Koppens et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	3 Biotech
Abbreviation	3 Biotech
ISSN (print)	2190-572X
ISSN (online)	2190-5738
Scope	Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Biotechnology Environmental Science (miscellaneous)