How to format your references using the Urban Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Urban Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spurgeon, D. (2000). Immigrants help offset Canada’s brain-drain crisis. Nature, 405(6787), p. 604.

A journal article with 2 authors

Insel, T. R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2012). Drug research: a plan for mental illness. Nature, 483(7389), p. 269.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cui, G., Zhang, M., & Zou, G. (2013). Resonant tunneling modulation in quasi-2D Cu(2)O/SnO(2) p-n horizontal-multi-layer heterostructure for room temperature H(2)S sensor application. Scientific reports, 3, p. 1250.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Koster, D. A., Croquette, V., Dekker, C., Shuman, S., & Dekker, N. H. (2005). Friction and torque govern the relaxation of DNA supercoils by eukaryotic topoisomerase IB. Nature, 434(7033), pp. 671–674.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eden, A. H. (2011). Codecharts. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lockshin, R. A. (Ed.). (2007). The Joy of Science: An Examination of How Scientists Ask and Answer Questions Using the Story of Evolution as a Paradigm. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Caragea, D., Zhang, J., Bao, J., Pathak, J., & Honavar, V. (2005). Algorithms and Software for Collaborative Discovery from Autonomous, Semantically Heterogeneous, Distributed Information Sources, in: S. Jain, H. U. Simon, & E. Tomita (Eds.), Algorithmic Learning Theory: 16th International Conference, ALT 2005, Singapore, October 8-11, 2005. Proceedings, pp. 13–44. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Urban Studies.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016). UK Woman’s Transplanted Kidney Is Now 100 Years Old. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/uk-womans-transplanted-kidney-is-now-100-years-old/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Strategic Sourcing: Improved and Expanded Use Could Provide Procurement Savings for Federal Information Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson, N. J. (2017). Queered.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas, R., & Mueller, B. (2015). Defiant Pledge Fought Back in Fatal Hazing, Report Says. New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spurgeon, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Insel & Sahakian, 2012; Spurgeon, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Insel & Sahakian, 2012)
Three authors: (Cui, Zhang, & Zou, 2013)
6 or more authors: (Koster, Croquette, Dekker, Shuman, & Dekker, 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Urban Studies
Abbreviation	Urban Stud.
ISSN (print)	0042-0980
ISSN (online)	1360-063X
Scope	Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Urban Studies