How to format your references using the Toxicology Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Toxicology Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

J. C. Crocker, Science, 2010, 327, 535–536.

A journal article with 2 authors

H. Tallis and J. Lubchenco, Nature, 2014, 515, 27–28.

A journal article with 3 authors

E. Rignot, A. Rivera and G. Casassa, Science, 2003, 302, 434–437.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

H. Qi, J. G. Egen, A. Y. C. Huang and R. N. Germain, Science, 2006, 312, 1672–1676.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

J.-L. Ferrant, M. Gilson, S. Jobert, M. Mayer, L. Montini, M. Ouellette, S. Rodrigues and S. Ruffini, Synchronous Ethernet and IEEE 1588 in Telecoms, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA, 2013.

An edited book

W. Susilo and Y. Mu, Eds., Information Security and Privacy: 19th Australasian Conference, ACISP 2014, Wollongong, NSW, Australia, July 7-9, 2014. Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014, vol. 8544.

A chapter in an edited book

M. Kezunovic, J. Ren and S. Lotfifard, in Design, Modeling and Evaluation of Protective Relays for Power Systems, eds. J. Ren and S. Lotfifard, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016, pp. 171–188.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Toxicology Research.

Blog post

A. Carpineti, NASA Takes A Closer Look At An Age-Defying Star, https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-takes-a-closer-look-at-an-age-defying-star/, (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, Highway Safety: Federal and State Efforts Related to Accidents That Involve Non-Commercial Vehicles Carrying Unsecured Loads, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Z. J. McCorvey, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

M. Pilon, New York Times, 2014, B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Toxicology Research
Abbreviation	Toxicol. Res. (Camb.)
ISSN (print)	2045-452X
ISSN (online)	2045-4538
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology