How to format your references using the Progress in Aerospace Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Aerospace Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.E. Vidale, Geophysics. Peeling back the layers in Earth’s mantle, Science 294 (2001) 313.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. Bridson, C. Batty, Computer science. Computational physics in film, Science 330 (2010) 1756–1757.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K.T. Lawrence, Z. Liu, T.D. Herbert, Evolution of the eastern tropical Pacific through Plio-Pleistocene glaciation, Science 312 (2006) 79–83.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Q. Nian, Y. Wang, Y. Yang, J. Li, M.Y. Zhang, J. Shao, L. Tang, G.J. Cheng, Direct laser writing of nanodiamond films from graphite under ambient conditions, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6612.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Rios Insua, F. Ruggeri, M.P. Wiper, Bayesian Analysis of Stochastic Process Models: Ruggeri/Bayesian Analysis of Stochastic Process Models, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

A.C.J. Luo, J.-Q. Sun, eds., Complex Systems: Fractionality, Time-delay and Synchronization, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

R. Merzouki, A.K. Samantaray, P.M. Pathak, B. Ould Bouamama, Rigid Body, Flexible Body, and Micro Electromechanical Systems, in: A.K. Samantaray, P.M. Pathak, B. Ould Bouamama (Eds.), Intelligent Mechatronic Systems: Modeling, Control and Diagnosis, Springer, London, 2013: pp. 281–433.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Aerospace Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Can You Guess How Much a Stegosaurus Weighs?, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/can-you-guess-how-much-stegosaurus-weighs/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Special Education: Numbers of Formal Disputes Are Generally Low and States Are Using Mediation and Other Strategies to Resolve Conflicts, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S. de Ortega, The Impact of Outcome Measurement on Non-profit Organizations: A Case Study, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

I. Kershner, A. Goldman, A. Blinder, R. Pérez-Peña, Teenager in Israel Is Arrested in Threats to U.S. Jewish Centers, New York Times (2017) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Abbreviation	Prog. Aerosp. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0376-0421
Scope	Aerospace Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials