How to format your references using the Primates citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Primates. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Booth BB (2015) Climate change. Why the Pacific is cool. Science 347:952

A journal article with 2 authors

Aldy JE, Stavins RN (2012) Climate change. Climate negotiators create an opportunity for scholars. Science 337:1043–1044

A journal article with 3 authors

Schröder GF, Levitt M, Brunger AT (2010) Super-resolution biomolecular crystallography with low-resolution data. Nature 464:1218–1222

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Schueler-Furman O, Wang C, Bradley P, et al (2005) Progress in modeling of protein structures and interactions. Science 310:638–642

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hartfuß H-J, Geist T (2013) Fusion Plasma Diagnostics with mm-Waves. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Dashefsky A, Sheskin I (eds) (2014) American Jewish Year Book 2013: The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Marcus A, Ma X (2016) Cuteness Design in the UX: An Initial Analysis. In: Marcus A (ed) Design, User Experience, and Usability: Novel User Experiences: 5th International Conference, DUXU 2016, Held as Part of HCI International 2016, Toronto, Canada, July 17–22, 2016, Proceedings, Part II. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 46–56

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Primates.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Scientist Have Built A Reprogrammable Quantum Computer. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientist-have-built-a-reprogrammable-quantum-computer/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Research and Development: Counterdrug Technology Assessment Center’s Process for Funding Projects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kennedy-Reid SK (2012) Exploring the Habitus: A Phenomenological Study of Transformative Learning Processes. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dargis M, Poniewozik J (2017) Not Exactly Your Simple Sequel. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Booth 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Aldy and Stavins 2012; Booth 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aldy and Stavins 2012)
Three or more authors: (Schueler-Furman et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Primates
Abbreviation	Primates
ISSN (print)	0032-8332
ISSN (online)	1610-7365
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology