How to format your references using the Primates citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Primates. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Adams K (2013) Genomics. Genomic clues to the ancestral flowering plant. Science 342:1456–1457

A journal article with 2 authors

Tierney JE, deMenocal PB (2013) Abrupt shifts in Horn of Africa hydroclimate since the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 342:843–846

A journal article with 3 authors

Bishop JKB, Davis RE, Sherman JT (2002) Robotic observations of dust storm enhancement of carbon biomass in the North Pacific. Science 298:817–821

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Michaloglou C, Vredeveld LCW, Soengas MS, et al (2005) BRAFE600-associated senescence-like cell cycle arrest of human naevi. Nature 436:720–724

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ugeux G (2014) International Finance Regulation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Krogstie J, Mouratidis H, Su J (eds) (2016) Advanced Information Systems Engineering Workshops: CAiSE 2016 International Workshops, Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 13-17, 2016, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Moskowitz HS, Grandis JR (2011) Oncogenomics/Proteomics of Head and Neck Cancers. In: Bernier J (ed) Head and Neck Cancer: Multimodality Management. Springer, New York, NY, pp 81–91

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Primates.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Unusual Organic Molecule Discovered At The Heart Of The Milky Way. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/unusual-organic-molecule-discovered-heart-milky-way/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001) Hourly Fees Paid by Various Federal Agencies to Private Attorneys for Legal Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hudson WC (2008) Spreading the dao, managing mastership, and performing salvation: The life and alchemical teachings of Chen Zhixu. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly DA (2007) Trails, Trains and a Syrup House in Woodstock, Vt. New York Times F8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Adams 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Tierney and deMenocal 2013; Adams 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tierney and deMenocal 2013)
Three or more authors: (Michaloglou et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Primates
Abbreviation	Primates
ISSN (print)	0032-8332
ISSN (online)	1610-7365
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology