How to format your references using the Portuguese Economic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Portuguese Economic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Diamond J (2004) Anthropology. The astonishing micropygmies. Science 306:2047–2048

A journal article with 2 authors

Nishide H, Oyaizu K (2008) Materials science. Toward flexible batteries. Science 319:737–738

A journal article with 3 authors

Risk JM, Macknight RC, Day CL (2008) FCA does not bind abscisic acid. Nature 456:E5-6

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Trappe V, Prasad V, Cipelletti L, et al (2001) Jamming phase diagram for attractive particles. Nature 411:772–775

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levander CF (2013) Where is American Literature? Wiley Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Francis DA (ed) (2011) Acting on HIV: Using Drama to Create Possibilities for Change. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Tian W-C, Finehout E (2009) Genetic Analysis in Miniaturized Electrophoresis Systems. In: Finehout E, Tian W-C (eds) Microfluidics for Biological Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 117–163

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Portuguese Economic Journal.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Researchers Discover New Critters Who Feed on Human Corpses. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/researchers-discover-new-critters-who-feed-human-corpses/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Joint Strike Fighter: DOD Plans to Enter Production before Testing Demonstrates Acceptable Performance. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Freund SH (2013) The Relationship of Academic Courses to Skills Required Of Automobile Repair Technicians. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) Sing a Song of Face Creams. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Diamond 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Diamond 2004; Nishide and Oyaizu 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nishide and Oyaizu 2008)
Three or more authors: (Trappe et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Portuguese Economic Journal
Abbreviation	Port. Econ. J.
ISSN (print)	1617-982X
ISSN (online)	1617-9838
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Economics and Econometrics

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