How to format your references using the Portuguese Economic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Portuguese Economic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Walsh RW (2005) Astronomy. How is the solar corona heated? Science 307:51–53

A journal article with 2 authors

Yang G, Zhou L (2014) Zwitterionic versus canonical amino acids over the various defects in zeolites: a two-layer ONIOM calculation. Sci Rep 4:6594

A journal article with 3 authors

Falnes PØ, Johansen RF, Seeberg E (2002) AlkB-mediated oxidative demethylation reverses DNA damage in Escherichia coli. Nature 419:178–182

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Klass K-D, Zompro O, Kristensen NP, Adis J (2002) Mantophasmatodea: a new insect order with extant members in the Afrotropics. Science 296:1456–1459

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gasser W, Heiner E, Elk K (2005) Greensche Funktionen in Festkörper- und Vielteilchenphysik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG

An edited book

Blaschke D, Sedrakian D (eds) (2006) Superdense QCD Matter and Compact Stars. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Demant C, Garnica C, Streicher-Abel B (2013) Mark Identification. In: Streicher-Abel B, Garnica C (eds) Industrial Image Processing: Visual Quality Control in Manufacturing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 113–150

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Portuguese Economic Journal.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Mushroom Used in Chinese Medicine Could Slow Weight Gain, Study Reports. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/mushroom-used-chinese-medicine-could-slow-weight-gain-study-reports/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Motor Carrier Safety: Commercial Vehicle Registration Program Has Kept Unsafe Carriers from Operating, but Effectiveness Is Difficult to Measure. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Peterson NR (2015) Subspecies composition, genetic variation and structure of Largemouth Bass in Puerto Rico reservoirs. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2007) Justices’ Ruling Limits Lawsuits On Pay Disparity. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Walsh 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Walsh 2005; Yang and Zhou 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yang and Zhou 2014)
Three or more authors: (Klass et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Portuguese Economic Journal
Abbreviation	Port. Econ. J.
ISSN (print)	1617-982X
ISSN (online)	1617-9838
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Economics and Econometrics