How to format your references using the Portuguese Economic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Portuguese Economic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Riley P (2009) Journal club. A molecular cardiologist looks into getting to the heart of his inner fish. Nature 460:1061

A journal article with 2 authors

Clarke CF, Allan CM (2015) Biochemistry: Unexpected role for vitamin B2. Nature 522:427–428

A journal article with 3 authors

De’ath G, Lough JM, Fabricius KE (2009) Declining coral calcification on the Great Barrier Reef. Science 323:116–119

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kong YP, Carrion B, Singh RK, Putnam AJ (2013) Matrix identity and tractional forces influence indirect cardiac reprogramming. Sci Rep 3:3474

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Coe JT (2000) Unlikely Victory: How General Electric Succeeded in the Chemical Industry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Shiffman MA, Di Giuseppe A (eds) (2016) Liposuction: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed. 2016. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Mohammadi A, Akl SG (2007) Number of Processors with Partitioning Strategy and EDF-Schedulability Test: Upper and Lower Bounds with Comparison. In: Stojmenovic I, Thulasiram RK, Yang LT, et al. (eds) Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications: 5th International Symposium, ISPA 2007 Niagara Falls, Canada, August 29-31, 2007 Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 20–31

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Portuguese Economic Journal.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Researchers Find 108 Genetic Links To Schizophrenia. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Regulating Domestic Telecommunications Common Carriers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Oparnica D (2013) The role of nurses in health care reform: A project report. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2010) Scouting Report. New York Times E9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Riley 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Riley 2009; Clarke and Allan 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Clarke and Allan 2015)
Three or more authors: (Kong et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Portuguese Economic Journal
Abbreviation	Port. Econ. J.
ISSN (print)	1617-982X
ISSN (online)	1617-9838
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Economics and Econometrics