How to format your references using the Machine Vision and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Machine Vision and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M.: Antibody anarchy: A call to order. Nature. 527, 545–551 (2015)

A journal article with 2 authors

Yelenik, S.G., D’Antonio, C.M.: Self-reinforcing impacts of plant invasions change over time. Nature. 503, 517–520 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Hafed, Z.M., Goffart, L., Krauzlis, R.J.: A neural mechanism for microsaccade generation in the primate superior colliculus. Science. 323, 940–943 (2009)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sánchez-Otero, N., Rodríguez-Berrocal, F.J., de la Cadena, M.P., Botana-Rial, M.I., Cordero, O.J.: Evaluation of pleural effusion sCD26 and DPP-IV as diagnostic biomarkers in lung disease. Sci. Rep. 4, 3999 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pozzilli, P., Lenzi, A., Clarke, B.L., Young, W.F., Jr: Imaging in Endocrinology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK (2013)

An edited book

Lammert, E., Zeeb, M. eds: Metabolism of Human Diseases: Organ Physiology and Pathophysiology. Springer, Vienna (2014)

A chapter in an edited book

Benepal, T., Matakidou, A., Zee, Y., Houlston, R., Eisen, T.: Genetics of Lung Cancer: Current Thinking on Genetic Predisposition to the Disease and Response to Treatment. In: Syrigos, K.N., Nutting, C.M., and Roussos, C. (eds.) Tumors of the Chest: Biology, Diagnosis and Management. pp. 57–66. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2006)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Machine Vision and Applications.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: 800-Pound Stingray Is One Of The Largest Freshwater Fish Ever Recorded, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/800-pound-stingray-could-be-largest-freshwater-fish-documented/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Office of Thrift Supervision’s Efforts to Ensure Thrift Systems Are Year 2000 Compliant. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1998)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nash, M.C.: Reading Achievement: A Study of Perceptions of First-Grade Teachers and the Relationship Between Attendance and Reading Achievement, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chen, D.W.: Remembering a SEALs Parachutist Who ‘Lived Life to the Fullest,’ (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Machine Vision and Applications
Abbreviation	Mach. Vis. Appl.
ISSN (print)	0932-8092
ISSN (online)	1432-1769
Scope	Computer Science Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Hardware and Architecture Software