How to format your references using the Lingua Sinica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Lingua Sinica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ramirez, Ainissa. 2015. The making of a science evangelist. Science (New York, N.Y.) 348: 726.

A journal article with 2 authors

Devos, Damien P., and Emmanuel G. Reynaud. 2010. Evolution. Intermediate steps. Science (New York, N.Y.) 330: 1187–1188.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shiu, Ruei-Feng, Wei-Chun Chin, and Chon-Lin Lee. 2014. Carbonaceous particles reduce marine microgel formation. Scientific reports 4: 5856.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Kromer, B., S. W. Manning, P. I. Kuniholm, M. W. Newton, M. Spurk, and I. Levin. 2001. Regional 14CO2 offsets in the troposphere: magnitude, mechanisms, and consequences. Science (New York, N.Y.) 294: 2529–2532.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gao, Jianjun. 2015. Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors for Circuit Design. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Bebis, George, Richard Boyle, Bahram Parvin, Darko Koracin, Charless Fowlkes, Sen Wang, Min-Hyung Choi, et al., ed. 2012. Advances in Visual Computing: 8th International Symposium, ISVC 2012, Rethymnon, Crete, Greece, July 16-18, 2012, Revised Selected Papers, Part I. Vol. 7431. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Ahmed, Nasiruddin. 2013. Weak Compactness in the Space of Operator Valued Measures and Optimal Control. In System Modeling and Optimization: 25th IFIP TC 7 Conference, CSMO 2011, Berlin, Germany, September 12-16, 2011, Revised Selected Papers, ed. Dietmar Hömberg and Fredi Tröltzsch, 49–58. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Lingua Sinica.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2014. New Electric Fish Genus in Amazon Tributaries. IFLScience. IFLScience. April 24.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1997. Surface Transportation: Prospects for Innovation Through Research, Intelligent Transportation Systems, State Infrastructure Banks, and Design-Build Contracting. T-RCED-97-83. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

DeRose, Christopher Todd. 2009. Electro-optic polymers: Materials and devices. Doctoral dissertation, Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. Two Teams That Need An Introduction. New York Times, March 31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ramirez 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Devos and Reynaud 2010; Ramirez 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Devos and Reynaud 2010)
Three or more authors: (Kromer et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Lingua Sinica
Abbreviation	Lingua Sin.
ISSN (online)	2197-6678
Scope