How to format your references using the Journalism Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journalism Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abdool Karim, Salim S. 2011. “Stigma Impedes AIDS Prevention.” Nature 474 (7349): 29–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nusbaum, Michael P., and Mark P. Beenhakker. 2002. “A Small-Systems Approach to Motor Pattern Generation.” Nature 417 (6886): 343–350.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yaguchi, Shunsuke, Junko Yaguchi, and Kazuo Inaba. 2014. “Bicaudal-C Is Required for the Formation of Anterior Neurogenic Ectoderm in the Sea Urchin Embryo.” Scientific Reports 4 (October): 6852.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Knaut, Holger, Christian Werz, Robert Geisler, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, and Tübingen 2000 Screen Consortium. 2003. “A Zebrafish Homologue of the Chemokine Receptor Cxcr4 Is a Germ-Cell Guidance Receptor.” Nature 421 (6920): 279–282.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bachmutsky, Alexander. 2010. System Design for Telecommunication Gateways. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Perbal, Annick, Masaharu Takigawa, and Bernard Perbal, eds. 2010. CCN Proteins in Health and Disease: An Overview of the Fifth International Workshop on the CCN Family of Genes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Moreira, Leticia, Francesc Balaguer, and Ajay Goel. 2015. “The Epigenetics in Intestinal Tumorigenesis.” In Intestinal Tumorigenesis: Mechanisms of Development & Progression, edited by Vincent W. Yang and Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, 137–168. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journalism Studies.

Blog post

Taub, Ben. 2016. “Rice And Wheat Production Use More Water Than All Other Crops Put Together.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/rice-and-wheat-production-use-more-water-than-all-other-crops-put-together/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1991. Meeting the Aviation Challenges of the 1990s: Experts Define Key Problems and Identify Emerging Issues. RCED-91-152. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Contartesi, Richard A. 2010. “School Climate: A Correlational Analysis of Superintendent Leadership Communication and Employee Performance.” Doctoral dissertation, Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Soble, Jonathan. 2017. “Toshiba Auction of Chip Unit Is Slowed by Dispute With U.S. Partner.” New York Times, May 14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abdool Karim 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Abdool Karim 2011; Nusbaum and Beenhakker 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nusbaum and Beenhakker 2002)
Three authors: (Yaguchi, Yaguchi, and Inaba 2014)
4 or more authors: (Knaut et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journalism Studies
Abbreviation	Journal. Stud.
ISSN (print)	1461-670X
ISSN (online)	1469-9699
Scope	Communication

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