How to format your references using the Journalism Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journalism Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Travers, Andrew. 2014. “Structural Biology. The 30-Nm Fiber Redux.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344 (6182): 370–372.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bardgett, Richard D., and Wim H. van der Putten. 2014. “Belowground Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning.” Nature 515 (7528): 505–511.

A journal article with 3 authors

Giannini, A., R. Saravanan, and P. Chang. 2003. “Oceanic Forcing of Sahel Rainfall on Interannual to Interdecadal Time Scales.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302 (5647): 1027–1030.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Johnson, Derek M., Andrew M. Liebhold, Patrick C. Tobin, and Ottar N. Bjørnstad. 2006. “Allee Effects and Pulsed Invasion by the Gypsy Moth.” Nature 444 (7117): 361–363.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Celant, Giorgio, and Michel Broniatowski. 2017. Interpolation and Extrapolation Optimal Designs 2. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ravid, Dorit Diskin, and Hava Bat-Zeev Shyldkrot, eds. 2005. Perspectives on Language and Language Development: Essays in Honor of Ruth A. Berman. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Marcheschi, Paolo. 2008. “Elaboration of the Images in the Spatial Domain. 2D Graphics.” In Image Processing in Radiology: Current Applications, edited by Emanuele Neri, Davide Caramella, and Carlo Bartolozzi, 55–65. Medical Radiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journalism Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Nature’s Fireworks: The Best Meteor Showers Coming In 2015.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1997. Federal-Aid Highway Program: Impact of the District of Columbia Emergency Highway Relief Act. RCED-97-162. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clarke, Princess N. 2008. “Program Evaluation: A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of an Alternative Education Program in a Rural County of a Mid-Atlantic U.S. State.” Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2009. “Parade of Poor Play.” New York Times, November 11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Travers 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Travers 2014; Bardgett and van der Putten 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bardgett and van der Putten 2014)
Three authors: (Giannini, Saravanan, and Chang 2003)
4 or more authors: (Johnson et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journalism Studies
Abbreviation	Journal. Stud.
ISSN (print)	1461-670X
ISSN (online)	1469-9699
Scope	Communication