How to format your references using the Journal of Social and Economic Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Social and Economic Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pedrós-Alió C (2007) Ecology. Dipping into the rare biosphere. Science 315:192–193

A journal article with 2 authors

Kang B, Ceder G (2009) Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging. Nature 458:190–193

A journal article with 3 authors

Vajda V, Raine JI, Hollis CJ (2001) Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spike. Science 294:1700–1702

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Smith AE, Slepchenko BM, Schaff JC, et al (2002) Systems analysis of Ran transport. Science 295:488–491

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gao J (2015) Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors for Circuit Design. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore

An edited book

Bienvenut WV (ed) (2005) Acceleration and Improvement of Protein Identification by Mass Spectrometry. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Brenner C, Greenyer J, Schäfer W (2015) On-the-Fly Synthesis of Scarcely Synchronizing Distributed Controllers from Scenario-Based Specifications. In: Egyed A, Schaefer I (eds) Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering: 18th International Conference, FASE 2015, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2015, London, UK, April 11-18, 2015, Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 51–65

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Social and Economic Development.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) The Second Case Of “Down’s Syndrome” In A Chimp Has Been Reported By Scientists. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Aviation Security: Technology’s Role in Addressing Vulnerabilities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McDougal S (2013) Military Town: Part One. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ortved J (2017) Dressing for Success At the Fish Market. New York Times D8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pedrós-Alió 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Pedrós-Alió 2007; Kang and Ceder 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kang and Ceder 2009)
Three or more authors: (Smith et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Social and Economic Development
Abbreviation	J. Soc. Econ. Dev.
ISSN (print)	0972-5792
ISSN (online)	2199-6873
Scope