How to format your references using the Journal of Social and Economic Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Social and Economic Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowen G (2015) Hydrology: The diversified economics of soil water. Nature 525:43–44

A journal article with 2 authors

Alekseev V, Lampert W (2001) Maternal control of resting-egg production in Daphnia. Nature 414:899–901

A journal article with 3 authors

Hanna JB, Schmitt D, Griffin TM (2008) The energetic cost of climbing in primates. Science 320:898

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Li W, Lee S, Ma M, et al (2013) Microbead-based biomimetic synthetic neighbors enhance survival and function of rat pancreatic β-cells. Sci Rep 3:2863

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yin G (2011) Clinical Trial Design: Bayesian and Frequentist Adaptive Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Myatt A (2008) Pro NetBeans^TM IDE 6 Rich Client Platform Edition. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Recker J, Safrudin N, Rosemann M (2010) How Novices Model Business Processes. In: Hull R, Mendling J, Tai S (eds) Business Process Management: 8th International Conference, BPM 2010, Hoboken, NJ, USA, September 13-16, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 29–44

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Social and Economic Development.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2016) Addicted To Oil: US Gasoline Consumption Is Higher Than Ever. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Air Traffic Control: Improved Cost Information Needed to Make Billion Dollar Modernization Investment Decisions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rodriguez D (2017) Numerical Simulation of a Flowfield Around a Hypersonic Missile with Lateral Jets. Doctoral dissertation, Florida Atlantic University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herskovic L (2013) Blunt Doctor Cures Headaches. New York Times A14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bowen 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Alekseev and Lampert 2001; Bowen 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Alekseev and Lampert 2001)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Social and Economic Development
Abbreviation	J. Soc. Econ. Dev.
ISSN (print)	0972-5792
ISSN (online)	2199-6873
Scope