How to format your references using the Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilson SM. Professional development for science teachers. Science. 2013 Apr 19;340(6130):310–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moore EB, Molinero V. Structural transformation in supercooled water controls the crystallization rate of ice. Nature. 2011 Nov 23;479(7374):506–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li Z, Marsiglio F, Carbotte JP. Vanishing of interband light absorption in a persistent spin helix state. Sci Rep. 2013 Oct 3;3:2828.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hites RA, Foran JA, Carpenter DO, Hamilton MC, Knuth BA, Schwager SJ. Global assessment of organic contaminants in farmed salmon. Science. 2004 Jan 9;303(5655):226–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ciobanu CV, Wang CZ, Ho KM. Atomic Structure Prediction of Nanostructures, Clusters and Surfaces. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

Dössel O, Schlegel WC, editors. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany: Vol. 25/3 Radiation Protection and Dosimetry, Biological Effects of Radiation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. (IFMBE Proceedings; vol. 25/3).

A chapter in an edited book

Babenyshev S, Rybakov V. Decidability of Hybrid Logic with Local Common Knowledge Based on Linear Temporal Logic LTL. In: Beckmann A, Dimitracopoulos C, Löwe B, editors. Logic and Theory of Algorithms: 4th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2008, Athens, Greece, June 15-20, 2008 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 32–41. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.

Blog post

Hamilton K. New Study: Salmonella Thrives In Salad Bags [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-study-salmonella-thrives-in-salad-bags/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. High Risk: Actions Needed to Address Serious Weaknesses in Federal Management of Programs Serving Indian Tribes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2017 May. Report No.: GAO-17-589T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bradnan DM. Cherelle Wilt in Theobroma cacao [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. A 96-Team Tournament? Now That’s Madness. New York Times. 2010 Mar 7;SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wilson 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Moore and Molinero 2011; Wilson 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Moore and Molinero 2011)
Three or more authors: (Hites et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
ISSN (print)	1674-7755
Scope