How to format your references using the Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gewin V. Industry lured by the gains of going green. Nature. 2005 Jul 14;436(7048):173.

A journal article with 2 authors

Scholes MC, Scholes RJ. Ecology. Dust unto dust. Science. 2013 Nov 1;342(6158):565–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Noble MEM, Endicott JA, Johnson LN. Protein kinase inhibitors: insights into drug design from structure. Science. 2004 Mar 19;303(5665):1800–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sun Y, Olson R, Horning M, Armstrong N, Mayer M, Gouaux E. Mechanism of glutamate receptor desensitization. Nature. 2002 May 16;417(6886):245–53.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Trimble MR, George MS. Biological Psychiatry. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Scarabino T, editor. Imaging Gliomas After Treatment: A Case-based Atlas. Milano: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Burke A, Hall GR, Yaari R, Fleisher A, Dougherty J, Young J, et al. Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Hall GR, Yaari R, Fleisher A, Dougherty J, Young J, Brand H, et al., editors. Pocket Reference to Alzheimer’s Disease Management. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd.; 2015. p. 41–8.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. ESA’s ExoMars Lander May Have Crash Landed On The Surface Of Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/esas-exomars-lander-may-have-crash-landed-on-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Critical Infrastructure Protection: Comprehensive Strategy Can Draw on Year 2000 Experiences. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Oct. Report No.: AIMD-00-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ghale K. Modeling the Traffic Impacts During Evacuation of a Suburban University Campus: A Case Study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson M, Sisario B. Hit Shows on Two Continents Confront One Villain: Scalpers. New York Times. 2017 Feb 12;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gewin 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Gewin 2005; Scholes and Scholes 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Scholes and Scholes 2013)
Three or more authors: (Sun et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
ISSN (print)	1674-7755
Scope