How to format your references using the Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dalton R. Auction of DNA archive cancelled. Nature 2003;422:102.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sherkow JS, Greely HT. Genomics. What if extinction is not forever? Science 2013;340:32–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sakamaki T, Suzuki A, Ohtani E. Stability of hydrous melt at the base of the Earth’s upper mantle. Nature 2006;439:192–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Paludan C, Schmid D, Landthaler M, Vockerodt M, Kube D, Tuschl T, et al. Endogenous MHC class II processing of a viral nuclear antigen after autophagy. Science 2005;307:593–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wood T, Anderson M, Analytics F. The Commercial Real Estate Tsunami. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Herrero Á, Corchado E, Redondo C, Alonso Á, editors. Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems 2010: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS’10). vol. 85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Frambach HA. What Remains of Humboldt at Times of the Bologna Reform? In: Backhaus JG, editor. The University According to Humboldt: History, Policy, and Future Possibilities, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 39–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E. Gorgeous Auroras Anticipated Following Massive Solar Flare. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/gorgeous-auroras-anticipated-following-massive-solar-flare/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: Assessment of the Financial Audit for SEMATECH’s Activities in 1990. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crozier CF. A qualitative study of teacher job satisfaction in an evolutionary and mandated change environment. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hale M. It’s Hard Out There For Mercy Killers. New York Times 2017:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dalton, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Dalton, 2003; Sherkow and Greely, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sherkow and Greely, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Paludan et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
ISSN (print)	1674-7755
Scope