How to format your references using the Journal of Location Based Services citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Location Based Services. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Freeman, Ken C. 2003. “Astronomy. The Hunt for Dark Matter in Galaxies.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302 (5652): 1902–1903.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kennel, Charles, and Alan Dressler. 2014. “Space Science. Coping with Uncertainty in Space Science Planning.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 343 (6167): 140–141.

A journal article with 3 authors

Locher, Kaspar P., Allen T. Lee, and Douglas C. Rees. 2002. “The E. Coli BtuCD Structure: A Framework for ABC Transporter Architecture and Mechanism.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 296 (5570): 1091–1098.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Setiawan, J., Th Henning, R. Launhardt, A. Müller, P. Weise, and M. Kürster. 2008. “A Young Massive Planet in a Star-Disk System.” Nature 451 (7174): 38–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhu, Zhechen, and Asoke K. Nandi. 2014. Automatic Modulation Classification. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jones, Elspeth, Robert Coelen, Jos Beelen, and Hans de Wit, eds. 2016. Global and Local Internationalization. Transgressions: Cultural Studies and Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Hedgecock, Dennis, and Katharine Coykendall. 2007. “Genetic Risks of Marine Hatchery Enhancement: The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown.” In Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities, edited by Theresa M. Bert, 85–101. Methods and Technologies in Fish Biology and Fisheries. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Location Based Services.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2017. “Tackling The Kraken: Unique Dolphin Strategy Delivers Dangerous Octopus For Dinner.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tackling-the-kraken-unique-dolphin-strategy-delivers-dangerous-octopus-for-dinner/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2006. Child Care and Early Childhood Education: More Information Sharing and Program Review by HHS Could Enhance Access for Families with Limited English Proficiency (Chinese Version). GAO-06-950. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhao, Jing. 2012. “Contextual Differential Item Functioning: Examining the Validity of Teaching Self-Efficacy Instruments Using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling.” Doctoral dissertation, Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowen, Tyler, Dave Itzkoff, Tom Vanderbilt, Eric Spitznagel, John Hodgman, Hope Reeves, Maud Newton, et al. 2012. “The One-Page Magazine.” New York Times, September 16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Freeman 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Freeman 2003; Kennel and Dressler 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kennel and Dressler 2014)
Three authors: (Locher, Lee, and Rees 2002)
4 or more authors: (Setiawan et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Location Based Services
Abbreviation	J. Location Based Serv.
ISSN (print)	1748-9725
ISSN (online)	1748-9733
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering