How to format your references using the International Journal of Surgery Protocols citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Surgery Protocols. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

G. Melino, Journal club. A cancer biologist weighs up p53, metabolism and cancer, Nature 466 (2010) 905.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

F. Dominé, P.B. Shepson, Air-snow interactions and atmospheric chemistry, Science 297 (2002) 1506–1510.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.E. Raymo, L.E. Lisiecki, K.H. Nisancioglu, Plio-Pleistocene ice volume, Antarctic climate, and the global delta18O record, Science 313 (2006) 492–495.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M.J. Mandel, M.S. Wollenberg, E.V. Stabb, K.L. Visick, E.G. Ruby, A single regulatory gene is sufficient to alter bacterial host range, Nature 458 (2009) 215–218.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P.I. Good, A Manager’s Guide to the Design and Conduct of Clinical Trials, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

M. Akhmet, Replication of Chaos in Neural Networks, Economics and Physics, 1st ed. 2016, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Labbé, A. Denoyer, C. Baudouin, Advance in Corneal Imaging, in: T. Reinhard, F. Larkin (Eds.), Corneal Disease: Recent Developments in Diagnosis and Therapy, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 53–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Surgery Protocols.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Geoengineering Might Work In A Rational World … Sadly We Don’t Live In One, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/environment/geoengineering-might-work-rational-world-sadly-we-don-t-live-one/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aviation Weather: FAA and the National Weather Service Are Considering Plans to Consolidate Weather Service Offices, But Face Significant Challenges, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

P.A. Lewis, Love and hate: The study of school principals moving from job motivation to job frustration, Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Rothenberg, How Penguins Make A Home on Road Ice, New York Times (2017) D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Surgery Protocols
Abbreviation	Int. J. Surg. Protoc.
ISSN (print)	2468-3574
Scope