How to format your references using the International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Smaglik, Recruiters and industry. Building an intern programme, Nature 431 (2004) 384.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

D.H. Lee, J.A. Gupta, Tunable field control over the binding energy of single dopants by a charged vacancy in GaAs, Science 330 (2010) 1807–1810.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Kearns, S. Suri, N. Montfort, An experimental study of the coloring problem on human subject networks, Science 313 (2006) 824–827.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

L. Jasmin, S.D. Rabkin, A. Granato, A. Boudah, P.T. Ohara, Analgesia and hyperalgesia from GABA-mediated modulation of the cerebral cortex, Nature 424 (2003) 316–320.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.A. Stocker, Analog VLSI Circuits for the Perception of Visual Motion, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

F.P. García Márquez, B. Lev, eds., Advanced Business Analytics, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Son, K.M. Sim, Relaxed Time Slot Negotiation for Grid Resource Allocation, in: D. Ślęzak, T.-H. Kim, S.S. Yau, O. Gervasi, B.-H. Kang (Eds.), Grid and Distributed Computing: International Conference, GDC 2009, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conferences, FGIT 2009, Jeju Island, Korea, December 10-12, 2009. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009: pp. 25–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Stripes On A Lizard’s Head Divert Predator Strikes To Its Expendable Tail Instead, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/stripes-on-a-lizards-head-divert-predator-strikes-to-its-expendable-tail-instead/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Federal Student Loans: Audits and Reviews of the Federal Family Education Loan and Federal Direct Loan Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

I. Katavic, Corporate social responsibility and sustainable competitive advantage: A case study of the cement industry, Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Billard, Baubles And Bags To Customize, New York Times (2010) E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf.
ISSN (print)	0890-6955
Scope	Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering