How to format your references using the International Journal of Education and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Education and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Destler, B. (2008). A new relationship. Nature, 453(7197), 853–854.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vogt, N., & Desplan, C. (2010). Developmental biology. Flipping the light switch. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6003), 454–455.

A journal article with 3 authors

Perryman, S. A. M., Clark, S. J., & West, J. S. (2014). Splash dispersal of Phyllosticta citricarpa conidia from infected citrus fruit. Scientific Reports, 4, 6568.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Yin, Y., Cheng, Z., Wang, L., Jin, K., & Wang, W. (2014). Graphene, a material for high temperature devices--intrinsic carrier density, carrier drift velocity, and lattice energy. Scientific Reports, 4, 5758.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minelli, M., Chambers, M., & Dhiraj, A. (2013). Big Data, Big Analytics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Rao, N. C., Radhakrishna, R., Mishra, R. K., & Kata, V. R. (Eds.). (2016). Organised Retailing and Agri-Business: Implications of New Supply Chains on the Indian Farm Economy (1st ed. 2016). Springer India.

A chapter in an edited book

Braniš, M. (2010). Personal Exposure Measurements. In M. Lazaridis & I. Colbeck (Eds.), Human Exposure to Pollutants via Dermal Absorption and Inhalation (pp. 97–141). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Education and Research.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016, August 10). Does Burnt Food Give You Cancer? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/does-burnt-food-give-you-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2006). Commerce Information Technology Solutions Next Generation Governmentwide Acquisition Contract (GAO-06-791R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Borisova-Kidder, A. (2006). Meta-Analytical Estimates of Values of Environmental Services Enhanced by Government Agricultural Conservation Programs [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, J. (2016, September 15). Making, and Musing On, an Existential Classic. New York Times, C22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Destler, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Destler, 2008; Vogt & Desplan, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vogt & Desplan, 2010)
Three authors: (Perryman et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Yin et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Education and Research
ISSN (print)	2411-5681
Scope