How to format your references using the International Journal of Education and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Education and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clyne, R. (2004). Industry and interns. The intern experience. Nature, 431(7008), 612.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cohen, J. E., & Gürtler, R. E. (2001). Modeling household transmission of American trypanosomiasis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5530), 694–698.

A journal article with 3 authors

Thomas, J. A., Simcox, D. J., & Clarke, R. T. (2009). Successful conservation of a threatened Maculinea butterfly. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5936), 80–83.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wainer, I., Prado, L. F., Khodri, M., & Otto-Bliesner, B. (2014). Reconstruction of the South Atlantic Subtropical Dipole index for the past 12,000 years from surface temperature proxy. Scientific Reports, 4, 5291.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wilson, M. (2013). Everyday Moral Economies. John Wiley & Sons.

An edited book

Priya, S., & Nahm, S. (Eds.). (2012). Lead-Free Piezoelectrics. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Yitzhaki, S., & Schechtman, E. (2013). The Lorenz Curve and the Concentration Curve. In E. Schechtman (Ed.), The Gini Methodology: A Primer on a Statistical Methodology (pp. 75–98). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Education and Research.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, September 29). Hikers Caught In Volcanic Eruption Capture Moment On Camera. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2007). Joint Planning and Development Office: Progress and Key Issues in Planning the Transition to the Next Generation Air Transportation System (GAO-07-693T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Soma, V. M. (2016). A particle filter methodology for salient object detection in videos [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2010, July 11). Licks of the Tropics. New York Times, NJ7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clyne, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Clyne, 2004; Cohen & Gürtler, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cohen & Gürtler, 2001)
Three authors: (Thomas et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Wainer et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Education and Research
ISSN (print)	2411-5681
Scope