How to format your references using the International Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Gilbert, N., 2011. Local benefits: The seeds of an economy. Nature 474, S18-9.
A journal article with 2 authors
Primakoff, P., Myles, D.G., 2002. Penetration, adhesion, and fusion in mammalian sperm-egg interaction. Science 296, 2183–2185.
A journal article with 3 authors
Munday, J.N., Capasso, F., Parsegian, V.A., 2009. Measured long-range repulsive Casimir-Lifshitz forces. Nature 457, 170–173.
A journal article with 4 or more authors
Suenaga, K., Tence, M., Mory, C., Colliex, C., Kato, H., Okazaki, T., Shinohara, H., Hirahara, K., Bandow, S., Iijima, S., 2000. Element-selective single atom imaging. Science 290, 2280–2282.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Tolin, D.F., Worden, B.L., Wootton, B.M., Gilliam, C.M., 2017. CBT for Hoarding Disorder. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.
An edited book
Jajodia, S., Ghosh, A.K., Subrahmanian, V.S., Swarup, V., Wang, C., Wang, X.S. (Eds.), 2013. Moving Target Defense II: Application of Game Theory and Adversarial Modeling, Advances in Information Security. Springer, New York, NY.
A chapter in an edited book
Al-Tubaikh, J.A., 2010. Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, in: Al-Tubaikh, J.A. (Ed.), Internal Medicine: An Illustrated Radiological Guide. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 39–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Economics.

Blog post
Andrew, E., 2014. Video Shows What Happens To Hamburger In Stomach Acid [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/video-shows-what-happens-hamburger-stomach-acid/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office, 1989. Aviation Research: Information on FAA’s Research, Engineering, and Development Program (No. RCED-89-122FS). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
White, A.E., 2015. Female ministers in pastoral leadership: A phenomenological study (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
Crow, K., 2003. For Seventh Street, a Love Letter on Film. New York Times 146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gilbert, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Gilbert, 2011; Primakoff and Myles, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Primakoff and Myles, 2002)
  • Three or more authors: (Suenaga et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal titleInternational Economics
ISSN (print)2110-7017
ScopeGeneral Business, Management and Accounting
General Economics, Econometrics and Finance

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