How to format your references using the Infectious Disease Clinics of North America citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Infectious Disease Clinics of North America (IDC). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Canup RM. Solar System: An incredible likeness of being. Nature 2015;520(7546):169–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bettencourt L., West G. A unified theory of urban living. Nature 2010;467(7318):912–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baum P., Yang D-S., Zewail AH. 4D visualization of transitional structures in phase transformations by electron diffraction. Science 2007;318(5851):788–92.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

McMeniman CJ., Lane RV., Cass BN., et al. Stable introduction of a life-shortening Wolbachia infection into the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Science 2009;323(5910):141–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tsui JB-Y. Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receivers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2004.

An edited book

Kao R. Beginning BlackBerry 7 Development. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Dubey SP., Molumi CP. Salivary Glands. In: Molumi CP, editor. Color Atlas of Head and Neck Surgery: A Step-by-Step Guide. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 73–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Infectious Disease Clinics of North America.

Blog post

Davis J. Human Medicine And Agricultural Chemicals Found In The Blood Of Turtles. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Computer Systems: Overview of Federal Systems for Processing Aliens Seeking U.S. Entry. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

DeHart WP. The leader liminal sphere: A phenomenological inquiry. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. The Surrounding Scene; It Seemed Like Donahue. But With Bush, Clinton and Perot, It Sure Wasn’t. New York Times 1992:A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
Abbreviation	Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am.
ISSN (print)	0891-5520
ISSN (online)	1557-9824
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)