How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Medical Specialities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Medical Specialities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gewin V. Hub of alternative energy. Nature 2007;446:106.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Catterall WA, Scott JD. Retrospective. Edwin G. Krebs (1918-2009). Science 2010;327:537.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kutnjak Z, Petzelt J, Blinc R. The giant electromechanical response in ferroelectric relaxors as a critical phenomenon. Nature 2006;441:956–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Helgason A, Pálsson S, Gudbjartsson DF, Kristjánsson T, Stefánsson K. An association between the kinship and fertility of human couples. Science 2008;319:813–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Samuels J. The Trader’s Pendulum. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Shultz L, Viczko M, editors. Assembling and Governing the Higher Education Institution: Democracy, Social Justice and Leadership in Global Higher Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sion R, Tatemura J. Runtime Web-Service Workflow Optimization. In: Agrawal D, Candan KS, Li W-S, editors. New Frontiers in Information and Software as Services: Service and Application Design Challenges in the Cloud, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 112–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Medical Specialities.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Studies Find Mysterious Link Between Native Americans And Indigenous Australasians. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Electronic Government: Federal Initiatives Are Evolving Rapidly But They Face Significant Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Negussie H. Integration of indigenous knowledge and cultural practices in early childhood care and education programs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: An exploratory case study. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Santora M. Mounting Subway Delays Cost Riders Millions Every Year, Report Finds. New York Times 2017:A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
Abbreviation	Ind. J. Med. Spec.
ISSN (print)	0976-2884
Scope	General Medicine