How to format your references using the Geological Society of America Bulletin citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geological Society of America Bulletin. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gogotsi, Y., 2010, Materials science. High-temperature rubber made from carbon nanotubes: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 330, p. 1332–1333.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vidale, J.E., and Earle, P.S., 2000, Fine-scale heterogeneity in the Earth’s inner core: Nature, v. 404, p. 273–275.

A journal article with 3 authors

Haider, B., Häusser, M., and Carandini, M., 2013, Inhibition dominates sensory responses in the awake cortex: Nature, v. 493, p. 97–100.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Masip, L., Pan, J.L., Haldar, S., Penner-Hahn, J.E., DeLisa, M.P., Georgiou, G., Bardwell, J.C.A., and Collet, J.-F., 2004, An engineered pathway for the formation of protein disulfide bonds: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 303, p. 1185–1189.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rezzoug, A., and El-Hadi Zaïm, M., 2011, Non-conventional Electrical Machines: Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Enss, C. (Ed.), 2005, Cryogenic Particle Detection: Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, Topics in Applied Physics, v. 99, XVI, 510 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Weyandt, L.L., and DuPaul, G.J., 2013, Psychosocial Treatment and Educational Interventions, in DuPaul, G.J. ed., College Students with ADHD: Current Issues and Future Directions, New York, NY, Springer, p. 61–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geological Society of America Bulletin.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2016, New Strain Of “Super” Gonorrhea Could Be Resistant To All Antibiotics: IFLScience,.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993, Air Traffic Control: Justifications for Capital Investments Need Strengthening: U.S. Government Printing Office RCED-93-55.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grant, J.A., 2015, Far-field noise from a rotor in a wind tunnel [Doctoral dissertation]: Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B., 2017, From Hockey 101 to a Ph.D: New York Times, p. D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gogotsi, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Vidale and Earle, 2000; Gogotsi, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vidale and Earle, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Masip et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geological Society of America Bulletin
Abbreviation	Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
ISSN (print)	0016-7606
Scope	Geology