How to format your references using the Future Cities and Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Future Cities and Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Greensfelder L (2000) INFECTIOUS DISEASES: Polio Outbreak Raises Questions About Vaccine. Science 290:1867b–9b

A journal article with 2 authors

Grill E, Christmann A (2007) Botany. A plant receptor with a big family. Science 315:1676–1677

A journal article with 3 authors

Beskow LM, Dame L, Costello EJ (2008) Research ethics. Certificates of confidentiality and compelled disclosure of data. Science 322:1054–1055

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Eisenberg D, Marcotte EM, Xenarios I, Yeates TO (2000) Protein function in the post-genomic era. Nature 405:823–826

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pasher E, Ronen T (2011) The Complete Guide to Knowledge Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Evans JW (2016) The Production and Processing of Inorganic Materials. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Scheider S (2009) The Case for Grounding Databases. In: Janowicz K, Raubal M, Levashkin S (eds) GeoSpatial Semantics: Third International Conference, GeoS 2009, Mexico City, Mexico, December 3-4, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 44–62

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Future Cities and Environment.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2017) You Too Could Be Multilingual – It’s Just About Unlocking The Skills Inside. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/you-too-could-be-multilingual-its-just-about-unlocking-the-skills-inside/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1980) The Post-Implementation Review. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ivy J (2011) The Psychological Effect of Parental Incarceration on School-Age Children. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Medina J, Pérez-Peña R, Schmidt MS, Goodstein L (2015) Arms Stockpile Is Found in Home of Two Suspects. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Future Cities and Environment
Abbreviation	Futur. Cities Environ.
ISSN (online)	2363-9075
Scope