How to format your references using the Future Cities and Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Future Cities and Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Witten E (2005) Unravelling string theory. Nature 438:1085

A journal article with 2 authors

Fredrick K, Noller HF (2003) Catalysis of ribosomal translocation by sparsomycin. Science 300:1159–1162

A journal article with 3 authors

Iborra FJ, Jackson DA, Cook PR (2001) Coupled transcription and translation within nuclei of mammalian cells. Science 293:1139–1142

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Auger E, Gasparini P, Virieux J, Zollo A (2001) Seismic evidence of an extended magmatic sill under Mt. Vesuvius. Science 294:1510–1512

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lau VKN, Ricky Kwok Y-K (2006) Channel-Adaptive Technologies and Cross-Layer Designs for Wireless Systems with Multiple Antennas. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Tuteja N, Singh Gill S (2013) Plant Acclimation to Environmental Stress. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Stansbury RS, Akers EL, Harmon HP, Agah A (2007) Simulation and Testbeds of Autonomous Robots in Harsh Environments. In: Brugali D (ed) Software Engineering for Experimental Robotics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 71–92

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Future Cities and Environment.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Babbler Bird Speak is Remarkably Human-Like. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001) Troops to Teachers: Program Helped Address Teacher Shortages. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seip N (2009) A one day training on the human papillomavirus for foster youth receiving independent living services: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B (2016) Review: ‘Audrie & Daisy,’ on Sexual Assault and Technology. New York Times C6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Future Cities and Environment
Abbreviation	Futur. Cities Environ.
ISSN (online)	2363-9075
Scope