How to format your references using the Diabetes Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diabetes Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Van Kranendonk MJ. Geochemistry. Onset of plate tectonics. Science. 2011;333:413–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Madix RJ, Friend CM. Interfacial chemistry: gold’s enigmatic surface. Nature. 2011;479:482–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Elion EA, Qi M, Chen W. Signal transduction. Signaling specificity in yeast. Science. 2005;307:687–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Mogera U, Sagade AA, George SJ, Kulkarni GU. Ultrafast response humidity sensor using supramolecular nanofibre and its application in monitoring breath humidity and flow. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4103.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Paolella MS. Fundamental Probability. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Grossmann G, Zardini C, editors. The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects. London: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Ambrose D. Morality and High Ability: Navigating a Landscape of Altruism and Malevolence. In: Cross T, Ambrose D, editors. Morality, Ethics, and Gifted Minds. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009. p. 49–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diabetes Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Sponge-Filled Wound-Blocking Syringe Saves Its Very First Life [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/sponge-filled-wound-blocking-syringe-saves-its-very-first-life/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. K-12 Education: Better Use of Information Could Help Agencies Identify Disparities and Address Racial Discrimination. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Apr. Report No.: GAO-16-345.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Lee KS. Towards an improved baton technique: The application and modification of conducting gestures drawn from the methods of Rudolf, Green and Saitö for enhanced performance of orchestral interpretations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kanter J. E.U. Opens Investigation of French Utility’s Taxes. New York Times. 2016 Sep 20;B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diabetes Therapy
Abbreviation	Diabetes Ther.
ISSN (print)	1869-6953
ISSN (online)	1869-6961
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine