How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Forest Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Forest Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DeHaan, R.L. 2011. Science education. Teaching creative science thinking. Science 334(6062): 1499–1500.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dye, C., and Gay, N. 2003. Epidemiology. Modeling the SARS epidemic. Science 300(5627): 1884–1885.

A journal article with 3 authors

van Doorn, G.S., Edelaar, P., and Weissing, F.J. 2009. On the origin of species by natural and sexual selection. Science 326(5960): 1704–1707.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Branquinho, L.C., Carrião, M.S., Costa, A.S., Zufelato, N., Sousa, M.H., Miotto, R., Ivkov, R., and Bakuzis, A.F. 2013. Effect of magnetic dipolar interactions on nanoparticle heating efficiency: implications for cancer hyperthermia. Sci. Rep. 3: 2887.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wu, Z. 2007. Software VNA and Microwave Network Design and Characterisation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Larson, L.E., Tsimring, L.S., and Liu, J.-M. (Editors). 2006. Digital Communications Using Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Zwettler, G., Track, P., Waschaurek, F., Woschitz, R., Hagmann, E., and Hinterholzer, S. 2012. Towards a Normalized Reference System in Building Construction Planning for Automated Quantitative Assessment and Optimization of Energy and Cost Efficiency. In IT Revolutions: Third International ICST Conference, Córdoba, Spain, March 23-25, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Edited by M. Liñán Reyes, J.M. Flores Arias, J.J. González de la Rosa, J. Langer, F.J. Bellido Outeiriño, and A. Moreno-Munñoz. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 39–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Forest Research.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2016, July 18. Wally The Whale’s Carcass Keeps Washing Up On California Beaches. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/wally-the-whale-s-carcass-keeps-washing-up-on-california-beaches/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Broadband Internet: FCC Should Track the Application of Fixed Internet Usage-Based Pricing and Help Improve Consumer Education. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schutt, R. 2010. Topics in model-based population inference. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

GISELA WILLIAMS; JOANNA KAKISSIS; ANDREW FERREN; SETH SHERWOOD; INGRID K. WILLIAMS; KATIE PARLA; SAMANTHA MURRAY GREENWAY; SOPHIA KISHKOVSKY; SETH SHERWOOD;, and Whitlock, S. 2011, April 17. 15 Cities, Wrapped in a Bow, for Under $100. New York Times: TR3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (DeHaan 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Dye and Gay 2003; DeHaan 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dye and Gay 2003)
Three or more authors: (Branquinho et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Abbreviation	Can. J. For. Res.
ISSN (print)	0045-5067
ISSN (online)	1208-6037
Scope	Forestry Ecology Global and Planetary Change