How to format your references using the Bioelectromagnetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bioelectromagnetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sarewitz D. 2012. Beware the creeping cracks of bias. Nature 485:149.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bongaarts J, Sinding S. 2011. Population policy in transition in the developing world. Science 333:574–576.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aguzzi A, Barres BA, Bennett ML. 2013. Microglia: scapegoat, saboteur, or something else? Science 339:156–161.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Akahane Y, Asano T, Song B-S, Noda S. 2003. High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal. Nature 425:944–947.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

von Eye A, Mun E-Y. 2012. Log-Linear Modeling. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mathai AM. 2008. Special Functions for Applied Scientists. Ed. Hans J. Haubold. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hastings KT, Rausch MP. 2014. Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Cancer. In: Alberts, D, Hess, LM, editors. Fundamentals of Cancer Prevention. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p. 81–121.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bioelectromagnetics.

Blog post

Luntz S. 2017. Common Pesticides May Lead To Early Puberty In Boys. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/common-pesticides-may-lead-to-early-puberty-in-boys/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2006. Commercial Aviation: Costs and Major Factors Influencing Infrastructure Changes at U.S. Airports to Accomodate the New A380 Aircraft. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chen MS. 2014. Emergency shelter for abused and neglected elders A grant proposal project. Doctoral dissertation; Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz J. 2017. Forecast for Hurricanes Is Stormier Than Normal. New York Times, May 25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Bioelectromagnetics
Abbreviation	Bioelectromagnetics
ISSN (print)	0197-8462
ISSN (online)	1521-186X
Scope	Biophysics Physiology General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging