How to format your references using the Biodiversity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biodiversity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gordon, Jeffrey I. 2012. “Honor Thy Gut Symbionts Redux.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 336 (6086): 1251–1253.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brüning, Oliver, and Paul Collier. 2007. “Building a Behemoth.” Nature 448 (7151): 285–289.

A journal article with 3 authors

Paraschiv-Ionescu, Anisoara, Eric Buchser, and Kamiar Aminian. 2013. “Unraveling Dynamics of Human Physical Activity Patterns in Chronic Pain Conditions.” Scientific Reports 3: 2019.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Cohen, Geoffrey L., Julio Garcia, Nancy Apfel, and Allison Master. 2006. “Reducing the Racial Achievement Gap: A Social-Psychological Intervention.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 313 (5791): 1307–1310.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sue, Derald Wing. 2003. Overcoming Our Racism. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Nicholson, Wanda, and Kesha Baptiste-Roberts, eds. 2014. Obesity During Pregnancy in Clinical Practice. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Sánchez-Menoyo, José Luis, and Javier Ruiz-Ojeda. 2014. “Acute Viral Encephalitis: Herpesviruses and Enteroviruses.” In CNS Infections: A Clinical Approach, edited by Juan Carlos García-Moncó, 57–79. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biodiversity.

Blog post

Fang, Janet. 2016. “Salamanders In All-Female Populations Regrow Their Tails Faster.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/salamanders-all-female-populations-regrow-their-tails-faster/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1998. FCC: Reconsideration of the Rules and Policies for the 220-222 MHz Radio Service. OGC-98-57. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Herman, Rebecca L. 2008. “Servant Leadership: A Model for Organizations Desiring a Workplace Spirituality Culture.” Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda. 2005. “Abortion Case May Be Central In Confirmation.” New York Times, November 1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gordon 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Gordon 2012; Brüning and Collier 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brüning and Collier 2007)
Three authors: (Paraschiv-Ionescu, Buchser, and Aminian 2013)
4 or more authors: (Cohen et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biodiversity
Abbreviation	Biodiversity (Nepean)
ISSN (print)	1488-8386
ISSN (online)	2160-0651
Scope	Ecology Global and Planetary Change Nature and Landscape Conservation