How to format your references using the Australian Dental Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Dental Journal (ADJ). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Towe KM. The problematic rise of Archean oxygen. Science 2002;295:1419.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hill A, Cooke G. Medicine. Hepatitis C can be cured globally, but at what cost? Science 2014;345:141–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pack A, Shelley JMG, Palme H. Chondrules with peculiar REE patterns: implications for solar nebular condensation at high C/O. Science 2004;303:997–1000.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Peng T, Lv H, He D, Pan M, Mu S. Direct transformation of amorphous silicon carbide into graphene under low temperature and ambient pressure. Sci Rep 2013;3:1148.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Doyle JF. Modern Experimental Stress Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Guzzo TJ, Drach GW, Wein AJ, eds. Primer of Geriatric Urology. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Jampani R, Üngör A. Construction of Sparse Well-spaced Point Sets for Quality Tetrahedralizations. In: Brewer ML, Marcum D, eds. Proceedings of the 16th International Meshing Roundtable. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008:63–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Dental Journal.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Animals Know When They Are Being Treated Unfairly (And They Don’t Like It) [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/animals-know-when-they-are-being-treated-unfairly-and-they-dont-like-it/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. An Analysis of Concerns in Federal Education Programs: Duplication of Services and Administrative Costs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Apr. Report No.: HRD-80-18.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clark J. Screening for Allelopathic Potential and Self Facilitation in Japanese Hops (Humulus japonicus, Cannabaceae) [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM. Is ‘As the [Trump] World Turns’ at ‘The Edge of Night’? New York Times. 2017;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Dental Journal
ISSN (print)	0045-0421
ISSN (online)	1834-7819
Scope