How to format your references using the Australian Dental Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Dental Journal (ADJ). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lee R. The outlook for population growth. Science 2011;333:569–73.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hamanaka RB, Chandel NS. Cell biology. Warburg effect and redox balance. Science 2011;334:1219–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

Milinski M, Semmann D, Krambeck H-J. Reputation helps solve the ‘tragedy of the commons’. Nature 2002;415:424–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Jiang Y, Choi WH, Lee JH, Han DH, Kim JH, Chung Y-S, et al. A neurostimulant para-chloroamphetamine inhibits the arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway. Sci Rep 2014;4:6344.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Spiegel R. Psychopharmacology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Aurum A, Wohlin C, eds. Engineering and Managing Software Requirements. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Szabo A. Interplanetary Discontinuities and Shocks in the Earth’s Magnetosheath. In: Sauvaud J-A, Němeček Z, eds. Multiscale Processes in the Earth’s Magnetosphere: From Interball to Cluster. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005:57–71. (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Dental Journal.

Blog post

Fang J. Earliest Evidence of Limb Regeneration Found in 300-Million-Year-Old Fossils [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/earliest-evidence-limb-regeneration-found-300-million-year-old-fossils/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: Advanced Technology Program’s Indirect Cost Rates and Program Evaluation Status. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Sep. Report No.: RCED-93-221.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barnett J. Understanding gender differences in teachers’ level of insight as it relates to ADHD [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. The Bunker, an Orphan, Finds a Temporary Home. New York Times. 2002;144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Dental Journal
ISSN (print)	0045-0421
ISSN (online)	1834-7819
Scope