Journal abbreviation: Pharmaceutical outsourcing
The abbreviation of the journal title "Pharmaceutical outsourcing" is "Pharm. Outsourcing". It is the recommended abbreviation to be used for abstracting, indexing and referencing purposes and meets all criteria of the ISO 4 standard for abbreviating names of scientific journals.
Abbreviation rules
The table below outlines in detail the ISO 4 rules and matches to the ISSN maintained list of title word abbreviations (TWA) to derive the abbreviation.
| Title | Abbreviation | Word/Stem/Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical | Pharm. | matches the stem "pharmaceut-" |
| outsourcing | Outsourcing | No abbreviation listed in TWA. |
Abbreviation systems
ISO 4 abbreviation is a system established by the International Organization for Standardization, specifically for shortening journal titles. This uniform approach to abbreviations enables efficient and accurate communication of journal names in academic research.
ISO, NLM, and CASSI are abbreviation systems for journal titles. ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a global standard used across various disciplines. NLM (National Library of Medicine) abbreviations cater to biomedical and life sciences, while CASSI (CAS Source Index) abbreviations focus on chemistry and related fields.
About the journal
| Full journal title | Pharmaceutical outsourcing |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | Pharm. Outsourcing |
| ISSN (print) | 1945-3337 |
| ISSN (online) | 1945-3345 |
| NLM catalog | 101499960 |