Journal abbreviation: Lower urinary tract symptoms
The abbreviation of the journal title "Lower urinary tract symptoms" is "Low. Urin. Tract Symptoms". It is the recommended abbreviation to be used for abstracting, indexing and referencing purposes and meets all criteria of the ISO 4 standard for abbreviating names of scientific journals.
Abbreviation rules
The table below outlines in detail the ISO 4 rules and matches to the ISSN maintained list of title word abbreviations (TWA) to derive the abbreviation.
| Title | Abbreviation | Word/Stem/Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Lower | Low. | matches the stem "lower-" |
| urinary | Urin. | matches the stem "urin-" |
| tract | Tract | No abbreviation listed in TWA. |
| symptoms | Symptoms | No abbreviation listed in TWA. |
Abbreviation systems
The International Organization for Standardization has developed the ISO 4 abbreviation system as a means of creating uniform abbreviations for journal titles. This allows researchers and academics to easily recognize and refer to journals in a consistent manner.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization), NLM (National Library of Medicine), and CASSI (CAS Source Index) represent three distinct journal title abbreviation systems, with ISO being universal, NLM specific to biomedical fields, and CASSI focusing on chemistry-related subjects.
About the journal
| Full journal title | Lower urinary tract symptoms |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | Low. Urin. Tract Symptoms |
| ISSN (print) | 1757-5664 |
| ISSN (online) | 1757-5672 |
| NLM catalog | 101506777 |