Journal abbreviation: Lower urinary tract symptoms
The abbreviation of the journal title "Lower urinary tract symptoms" is "Low. Urin. Tract Symptoms". It is the recommended abbreviation to be used for abstracting, indexing and referencing purposes and meets all criteria of the ISO 4 standard for abbreviating names of scientific journals.
Abbreviation rules
The table below outlines in detail the ISO 4 rules and matches to the ISSN maintained list of title word abbreviations (TWA) to derive the abbreviation.
| Title | Abbreviation | Word/Stem/Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Lower | Low. | matches the stem "lower-" |
| urinary | Urin. | matches the stem "urin-" |
| tract | Tract | No abbreviation listed in TWA. |
| symptoms | Symptoms | No abbreviation listed in TWA. |
Abbreviation systems
In academic research, the ISO 4 abbreviation is a standardized system devised by the International Organization for Standardization for the purpose of abbreviating journal titles consistently. This facilitates ease of reference and improved communication within the research community.
The abbreviation of journal titles follows ISO (International Organization for Standardization) for an array of subjects, NLM (National Library of Medicine) for biomedical sciences, and CASSI (CAS Source Index) for chemistry and related disciplines.
About the journal
| Full journal title | Lower urinary tract symptoms |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | Low. Urin. Tract Symptoms |
| ISSN (print) | 1757-5664 |
| ISSN (online) | 1757-5672 |
| NLM catalog | 101506777 |