How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Alerstam T. Conflicting evidence about long-distance animal navigation. Science. 2006;313:791–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kiani R, Shadlen MN. Representation of confidence associated with a decision by neurons in the parietal cortex. Science. 2009;324:759–64.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mal NK, Fujiwara M, Tanaka Y. Photocontrolled reversible release of guest molecules from coumarin-modified mesoporous silica. Nature. 2003;421:350–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Royer DL, Wing SL, Beerling DJ, Jolley DW, Koch PL, Hickey LJ, et al. Paleobotanical evidence for near present-day levels of atmospheric Co2 during part of the tertiary. Science. 2001;292:2310–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Xu QA, Madden TL. Analytical Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Mousa SA, Davis PJ, editors. Angiogenesis Modulations in Health and Disease: Practical Applications of Pro- and Anti-angiogenesis Targets. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Yusoff MN, Jantan A. A Framework for Optimizing Malware Classification by Using Genetic Algorithm. In: Zain JM, Wan Mohd WM bt, El-Qawasmeh E, editors. Software Engineering and Computer Systems: Second International Conference, ICSECS 2011, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, June 27-29, 2011, Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 58–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. The Philae Lander Is Officially Dead [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-philae-lander-is-officially-dead/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. HEAF 1992 Financial Condition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Jun. Report No.: HRD-93-21R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Stuehling AL. “We Speak ‘Hola’ In School”: A Case Study of Global Education in a Partial-Immersion Spanish Preschool [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Crow K. You Talkin’ to Me? Less and Less These Days. New York Times. 2003 Jun 1;146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease
Abbreviation	Can. J. Kidney Health Dis.
ISSN (online)	2054-3581
Scope